Combination sending an receiving wireless-telegraph apparatus.



No. 876,281. PATENTED JAN. 7. 1908.

A. L. NEW & w. N. HIOKMAN. COMBINATION SENDING AND RECEIVING WIEELEss TELEGRAPH APPARATUS APPLIGATION FILED SEPT 1'1. 1906- M M L id UNITED STATES PATENT OFFICE.

ALBERT L'. NEW, on Los ANGELES, AND WILLIAM N. HTOKMAN, or AVALON, CALIFORNIA;

SAID HICKMAN ASSIGNOR OF ONE-HALF- OF HIS RIGHT TO SAID NEW.

- COMBINATION SENDING- .AND RECEIVING WIRELESS-TELEGRAPH APPARATUS.

Specification of Letters Patent.

Patented Jan. 7, 190a.

Application filed September 17. 1906. Serial No. 835.013.

lon,Santa Catalina Island, county of Los Angeles, and State of California, have invented new and useful lm rovements in Comblnation Sending and Receiving Wireless-Telegraph Apparatus, of which the following is a specification.

This Invention relates to wireless telegraphy and the main object of the invention is to provide a system wherein each station is equipped for sending and receiving.

A further object is to provide means 'for preventing interference of the apparatus by atmospheric electricity.

Another object is to provide a double set of aerial capacities one which is adapted for sendingand the other for receiving.

Another object is to provide means to reduce an disturbance or distant signal to a very mi d or" low sound, and yet admit any other signal desired so that it will be heard distinctly and read regardless of the subdued signals. Another object is to ermit the reception of the nearby weak signa s and exclude strong signals from a distant point. 4

Other objects and advantages will appear from the following description.

The accom anying drawings illustrate the invention and referring thereto :the figure is a diagrammatic View illustrating one form of apparatus.

1 designates a mast with a cross arm 2 from one end of which is supported a set of sending wires 3 forming a transmitting capacity. From the other side of the cross arm 1s supported a receivingcapacity comprising a set of wires 4. A cross arm 5 supports conical cups 6 which insulate the lower ends of the wires .3 and 4 from the ground. A wire 7 leads from the u per ends of the wires 4 directlyto groun and is provided with an induction coil 8 so that signals from stations at a considerable distance will come through the atmosphere distinct and readable.

Connected to the sending aerial capacity 3 is a transmitting apparatus comprising a spark coil. 9 having vibrator 9 from the primary of which spark coil a wire 10'extends to an alternator 11. A wire 11 e;-

adjusted, and by withdrawin with the sending wires 3.

tends from the other lead of the primary to an adjusting device 12, which comprises a tube 13 formed of insulating material around which is wound a wire 14 in several layers. Slidably adjustable in the tube 13 is a soft iron core 15 which is adjustable therein by means of a racdz 16 operated by a pinion 17. The wire 1] is connected to one end of the wire 14. The other end 'of the Wire '14 is connected by a wire 18 with a double-throw three pole switch 19. The alternator 11 is connected by a wire 20 with a switch 19. A mile-meter 21 is connected with wires 10 and 20.- This mile-meter is constructed similarly to a volt-meter and by ad'usting' the core 15 to fill the tube 13 the ban of the mile-meter will indicate the lowest distance in miles to which the sending a paratus is tie core 15 the hand of the mile-meter wi 1 indicate the maximum distance to which the apparatus is adjusted for the transmission of a signal which when received at the end of said distance will be of a definite strengfh. Adjusting for intermediate distances 'eing accomphshed by regulation of the core. The induction coil 9 is of the usual construction, one pole of its secondary being connected with ground by wire 22 in which is connected a condenser 23, the other pole of the secondary is connected by a wire 24 A key 25 is provided in the wire 18 and the sending ap aratus is adjusted as follows. If the signa is to be'sent to a station miles distant the operator closes the key 25 and by turning the inion 17 adjusts the core 15 until the hand of the mile-meter 21 stands in a position indicating 50 miles; the apparatus being adjusted for other distances in like man-. ner. A mm 26 extends from the recelvmg wires 4 to the swltch 19, and a wire 27 leads from the switch 19 to ground. A wire 28 leads from switch 19 to a rheostat 29 and a condenser 30 which is connected in the wire 28 may be cut out when desired by the shunt circuit 31 which is equipped with a switch 32. From the rhcostat 29 a wire 33 extends to a receiving instrument com irising a microphone indicated at 34, and mm the microphone a wire 35 leads to a rheostat 36, and a wire 37 leads from rheostat 36 to a double throw switch 38 having terminals 39 and 40. A wire 41 leads frorn terminal 39to the receiving instrument 34 and is con .nected' with the battery 42.' A wire 43' leads from terminal 40 to the receiving in-' the strength of battery 42.

strument 34, the wire 43 being connected with a battery 44 which is of about one-half Telephone receivers are connected inthe wire 35.

In. receiving the switch 19 is moved so that it makes contact with the upper terminals only, and when the signal is received it comes in over a circuit which may be traced as follows: from the receiving capacity. 4 through wire 26 to switch 19, through wire 28 to rheostat 29 and through wire 33 to receiver 34 then through wire 35 and wire will operate over the branch 43 containing the,

smaller battery. When the switch 19 1s in this position the primary circuit through the sending apparatus is open so that while the operator is receiving no signal. can be made with the key to disturb the receiving apparatus. When the switch is thrown to make contact with its bottom terminal the rimary circuit is closed so that signals can 0 made with the key 25, but as the entire regulating, receiving, and switch instruments are entirely disconnected from ground and mast wires, they may be at any distance from the sendinglset,-and therefore no induction or great power can come into the ,olfice or to there ceiving table to shock the operator. The

operator can signal back and forth and ex- 0 1 ange telegrams without'leaving his table,

. by .means of the three pole double throw 200,000 volts im switch 19, being able to change instantly from sending to receiving, and vice versa, without having to call the other oilice and without danger. We have operated this with 100 volts primary power and about CQll without any inte erence or danger and it is believed that interference and danger will be eliminated when using unlimited power. I

When two signals (a weak one and a strong one) come in on the receiving mast set, resistance'is out in at 29 until the wave length is decreased for both a su'liicient degree, this being determined by listening at the phones 45 with only battery 44 out in. -When sulliciently reduced the switch. 38 is thrown to heavy battery 42 which causes microphone receiver 34 to become deadened or cohered then the resistance at 36 is gradually cutin until the battery is reduced to a .point such that there will still be enough resistance or decoherence in the microphone uced ower from induction.

to allow the weaker signal to be heard, while the signal of larger volume escapes to ground through the coherence of the microphone on account of insufficient resistance at thev -microphone to divert the current of thesignal to the phones.

What we claim is from each other, a transmitting apparatus in c1rcu1t with one of said capacities, a receivmg apparatus in circuit with the other capacity,

means for varying the strength of the impulse produced by the transmitting appara-,

tus, means electrically connected with the transmitting circuit for indicating in miles the eifective radius of an impulse with definite strength, a plurality of groun.d connec-- 1 A plurality of aerial capacities insulated tions, and means for switching one of said ground connections tothe transmitting circuit or another ground connection to the receiving circuit.

2. A plurality of aerial capacities insulated from each other, a transmitting apparatus in circuit with. one of said capacities, a receiving apparatus in circuit with the other ca acity, means for varying thestrength of t re .impulse produced by the transmitting apparatus, means electrically connected with the transmitting circuit for indicating in miles the effective radius of an impulse with definite strength, a plurality of ground connec tions, means for switching one of said ground connectionsto the transmitting circuit or another ground connection to the receiving circuit, a variable resistance in the receiving circuit, a local branch circuitembracing a receiving device connected with the receiving circuit, a-variable resistance in the local circuit, a battery of definite strength in said local circuit, and a shunt in said local circuit with a battery of less strength, and a switch for cutting in said shunt.

3. A plurality of aerial capacities insulated y from each other, a transmitting apparatus in c1rcu1t wlth one of sand capacities, a receiving apparatus in circuit with the other capacity, I

means for var ing the strength of the i111- pulse produce by the transmitting apparatus, means electrically connected with the transmitting circuit for indicating in miles the eiiective radius of an impulse with definite strength, a plurality of ground connections, means for switching one of said ground connections to the transmitting circuit or another ground connection to the receiving cir cu t, a variable resistance in the receiving circuit, a local branch circuit embracing a receiving device connected with the receiving circuit, a variable resistance in the local circuit, a battery of definite strength in said local circuit, and a shunt in said local circuit with a battery of loss strength, and a switch for cutting in said shunt, a wire extending directly from the receiving aerial capacity'to ground, and an inductance toil therein.

' receiving circuit, a variable resistance in said w'denser, a plurality of ground connections,

local circuitpa shunt in said. local circuit with a battery, a battery in said local'circuit, one of said batteries being oi greater power than the other, and a switch for cutting in said shunt circuit, a plurality of ground connections, and means for connecting one ground connection with the receiving circuit or for connecting another ground connection with the transmitting circuit.

5 A-plurality of aerial capacities insulated from each other, a transmitting apparatus in circuit with one capacity a receiving apparatus in circuit with the other capacity, variabie resistance in the receiving circuit, a local circuit embracing a receiving device in the receiving circuit, a variable resistance in said localcircuit, a condenser in said receiving circuit, and a shunt for cutting out said conand a switch for connecting one ground connection with'the transmitting circuit or another ground connection with tlie receiving circuit.

6. A plurality of aerial capacities insulated from each other, a single support therefor, a transmitting apparatus'in circuit with one of said capacities, a receiving apparatus in circuit with the other capacity, means for varying the strength of the impulse produced by the transmitting apparatus, means electrically connected with the transmitting circuit for indicating in miles the e'll'cctive radius of an impulse with definite strength, a plurality of ground connections, and means for switching one ground connection to the transmitting apparatus or another ground connection to the receiving circuit.

In testimony whereof, we have hereunto set our hands at Avalon, Calif. this 1st day of September 1906.

ALBERT L. NEYV. WILLIAM N. HICKMAN. In presence ol'- S. J. l\lA'l1IES, E. M. ll'oucn. 

